When it comes to determining animal tracks in the wild, it is necessary to be able to differentiate between similar species. Two species often confused with each other are foxes and coyotes. While both belong to the Canidae family, they have distinct differences in their tracks that can help identify which animal passed through an area. While these two species are similar in appearance, their tracks can reveal distinct differences that can help you identify which animal passed through the area.
Fox Tracks: Size, Shape, and Spacing
Fox tracks are unique in size, shape, and spacing and can be distinguished from other animal tracks by their distinct characteristics.
Here’s what you need to know about determining fox tracks in the wild.
Size
Fox tracks are typically small, estimating 1.5 to 2.5 inches in length and width. They are smaller than those of a coyote, which can quantity up to 3.5 inches in length and width.
Shape
Fox tracks are oval-shaped with four toes and a small pad on the bottom of their foot, which may or may not be visible in the track. The toes are organized in a semi-circle, with the middle two toes pointing forward and the outer two pointing outward. This unique arrangement is a critical characteristic of fox tracks.
Spacing
Foxes have a distinctive gait when they walk, reflected in their tracks’ spacing. Their tracks are usually in a straight line, with the hind track placed directly in the front track, creating a neat row of prints. The distance between each set of prints is about 8 to 12 inches.
Coyote Tracks: Size, Shape, and Spacing
Size
Coyote tracks are more significant than fox tracks, measuring 2.5 to 3.5 inches in length and width. They have four toes and a pad that is wider and more elongated than that of a fox.
Shape
Coyote tracks are oval-shaped and have a more elongated appearance than fox tracks. The toes are arranged in a straight line, with the middle two toes pointing forward and the outer two pointing outward. The claws may also be visible on the track, especially if the animal is running.
Spacing
Coyotes have a distinctive gait when they walk, reflected in their tracks’ spacing. Their tracks are usually in a straight line, with the hind track placed directly in the front track, creating a neat row of prints. The distance between each set of prints is about 10 to 15 inches.
Differentiating Fox vs Coyote Tracks
Habitat and behavior are essential factors when differentiating between fox and coyote tracks. Foxes and coyotes are both members of the Canidae family, but they have distinct differences in their physical characteristics, behaviors, and habitats.
Habitat
One of the most noticeable differences between fox and coyote tracks is their habitat. Foxes prefer more wooded or dense vegetation, while coyotes prefer more open and grassy areas. Foxes are likelier to make dens in caves or under brush piles, whereas coyotes often make dens in open fields or on the edges of wooded areas.
Footprint Size
The size of the tracks left behind by foxes and coyotes can also be a helpful indicator in differentiating between the two. Generally, coyote tracks are more extensive than fox tracks. The normal size of a coyote track is about 1.5-2.5 inches long and 1-3 inches wide, but fox tracks are usually smaller at about 1.5-2.5 inches long and 1.5-2 inches wide.
Paw Shape
Another critical difference between fox and coyote tracks is the shape of their paws. Foxes have round-shaped paws with four toes, while coyotes have more oval-shaped paws with five toes. The fifth toe on coyote tracks is often not visible but can be seen occasionally.
Gait Pattern
The gait pattern of a track can also help identify whether a fox or coyote made it. Foxes tend to have a more erratic gait pattern, with their tracks often appearing in a zigzag pattern as they move quickly through the underbrush. Conversely, coyotes tend to have a more straightforward gait pattern, with their tracks appearing in a straight line as they move across open fields.
Behavior
Finally, observing the animal’s behavior can also explain whether a fox or coyote made the tracks. Foxes are generally more solitary animals, often hunting alone or in pairs. Conversely, coyotes are more social animals and are often seen in larger groups or packs. This behavior can help determine which animal may have made the tracks in a given area.
Tips for Tracking Foxes and Coyotes
Tracking foxes and coyotes can be an exciting and rewarding experience for nature enthusiasts and wildlife photographers. Sometimes, it can also be difficult, as these animals are tricky and challenging to spot in the wild.
Look for Tracks
The first step in tracking foxes and coyotes is to look for their tracks. Both animals have distinct paw prints that can be identified by size and shape. Look for tracks with soft ground, such as near streams or after rainfall. Tracking in the snow can also be an effective way to locate tracks, as they are more visible.
Observe the Habitat
Understanding the habitat preferences of foxes and coyotes is crucial when tracking them. Foxes prefer wooded or dense vegetation, while coyotes prefer open fields and grassy areas. Look for signs of dens or burrows in the ground, indicating that the animals live nearby.
Pay Attention to Time the of Day
Foxes and coyotes are most active during the early morning and late evening time. This is when they are most likely to be hunting and moving around. Tracking during these times can increase your chances of spotting the animals.
Listen for Vocalizations
Both foxes and coyotes are vocal animals and use a variety of sounds to communicate. Listen for barks, howls, and yips, indicating the animals are nearby. You can also use these sounds to help locate dens and other areas where the animals live.
Use Trail Cameras
Trail cameras are an excellent tool for tracking foxes and coyotes. These cameras can be set up in areas where tracks have been spotted and capture images of the animals as they move through the area. This can provide valuable information about their behavior and movements.
Be Patient and Respectful
Tracking foxes and coyotes requires patience and respect for the animals and habitats. It is important to remember that these animals are wild and should be observed from a safe distance. Never approach or try to feed them, as this can be dangerous and can alter their natural behaviors.
FAQs
What is the difference between fox and coyote tracks?
The main differences between fox and coyote tracks are size, the shape of the toes, and the stride. Fox tracks are typically smaller than coyote tracks, measuring between 1.5 and 3 inches in length. The toes of fox tracks are usually more rounded than those of coyote tracks, and the claws are usually not visible. Coyotes tend to have a longer stride than foxes, and their tracks are usually farther apart.
How can I distinguish between a fox and a coyote track?
The size of the tracks is one of the most noticeable differences. Fox tracks are typically smaller than coyote tracks, measuring between 1.5 and 3 inches in length. The toes of fox tracks are usually more rounded than those of coyote tracks, and the claws are usually not visible. Coyotes tend to have a longer stride than foxes, and their tracks are usually farther apart.
Are fox and coyote tracks the same size?
No, fox and coyote tracks are not the exact sizes. Fox tracks are typically smaller than coyote tracks, measuring between 1.5 and 3 inches in length. Coyote tracks are typically larger than fox tracks, measuring 2 and 4 inches long.
Are fox and coyote tracks the same shape?
No, fox and coyote tracks are not the same shapes. The toes of fox tracks are usually more rounded than those of coyote tracks, and the claws are usually not visible. The toes of coyote tracks are usually more pointed than those of fox tracks, and the claws are usually visible.
Conclusion
Fox and coyote tracks are two of North America’s most commonly seen animal tracks. They are both canine family members, and their tracks can be easily confused. Some critical differences between fox and coyote tracks can help you identify which animal made them. The size of the tracks, the shape of the toes, and the animal’s footstep are all key differences that can help you tell the difference between fox and coyote tracks.
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